The laboratory manuals will be distributed on a CD. The manuals contain equipment descriptions, project descriptions and other related materials. Each item is designated as either primary (P) reading material or secondary (S) reading material. All primary reading material must be carefully read and thoroughly understood before starting an experiment. The ``to do list'' in each manual lists all the activities to be completed in the course of the experiment. This includes the instructions for setting-up the experiment, collecting the data, analyzing the results, etc. It also includes some supplemental questions to be answered in your write-up.