Current has a direction

To really understand what is happening in an electrical circuit, we have to appreciate that something is actually moving in the wires, and be able to imagine it. The direction of the current is an important part of the mental model. Two circumstances help hide this from us:

The one place where current direction makes a difference in everyday life is when we put batteries into something. If you put a battery in backwards, the device most likely will not work. This situation is rather common; in this section we meet the buzzer, which cares strongly about which way the current is going.

Appliance plugs frequently are designed so that they can only go into the receptacle one way. Is this also an example of the direction of current? No, it turns out to be a safety feature.

The section on current direction